Same puck.Different jerseys.

Four measurable party changes and one same-party handover, on the longest series here; the shorter ones carry fewer. That is not a significance test, and this page does not claim it is.

Canada voted with the United States in half of all General Assembly votes when Harper took office, and in eighty-six per cent of them by the time he left. Trudeau brought it back to seventy-six. The shift at a change of party averages 2.51 points a year here, against 1.19 at the same-party handover — twice as much, where every line on the bench does the opposite.

Through the 1990s Canada voted with Russia in seventy-nine per cent of General Assembly votes — more often than it voted with the United States in the same decade. Agreement peaked at eighty-five per cent in 1993, at the end of Mulroney's Progressive Conservative government, and was still above seventy when Harper took office. It was forty-six by the time he left. That turn dates to 2006, and it is the hardest bend anywhere in this record: 3.32 points a year at a change of party against 0.19 at the same-party handover, seventeen times as much.

Iran runs the same way in the same window. Canada agreed with Iran in seven votes out of ten under the first Trudeau government, in fifty-nine per cent of them when Harper took office, and in thirty-four by the time he left. Unlike Russia it came partly back, to forty-five by 2024. But Iran is the one line here that does not clear its own test: its shift at a change of party, 2.08 points a year, is smaller than the 2.93 at the single same-party handover on record.

A vote is not a soldier, and this line does not measure one. In 1918 Canada sent about four thousand troops to Siberia to fight the Bolsheviks; they were home by June 1919. In 1949 it was a founding member of NATO, an alliance written against the Soviet Union. In 2014 it launched Operation REASSURANCE, and it now keeps roughly two thousand soldiers in Latvia and more than three thousand across Europe, extended through 2031. Vladivostok to Latvia is a hundred and thirteen years. On that measure the posture is not two decades old — and it does not bend at a change of party either. It was begun under Harper, carried through Trudeau, and extended under Carney.

Two moving parties. This measures agreement between Canada and one other state, so either side can move it. Much of the rise through the 1980s is the Soviet Union's own position changing rather than Canada's, and the seat itself changed hands twice: Russia succeeded the Soviet Union in 1992, the republic succeeded the imperial state in 1979. The record can date when the agreement turned. It cannot say which side turned.

So the jersey does change something. It changes who Canada votes with. It does not change the manufacturing line, the union rate, the ownership balance, who ends up in a cell, or where the troops go.

This page has room for one counterpart. The full record — 199 states, 1946 to 2024, and where Canada sat against every one of them — is the room next door.

Open The Room

Twice at the door

Canada has stood for a seat on the Security Council twice in the past two decades, under each party in turn, and lost both times. The threshold is two-thirds of the General Assembly.

1. 12 October 2010Harper governmentGermany took the first seat with 128 votes. Canada withdrew after the second round; Portugal was elected with 150.
2. 17 June 2020Trudeau governmentNorway 130, Ireland 128, Canada 108. Eliminated in the first round, twenty short of the threshold.

Between 1999 and 2009 the share of Canadian imports coming from China rose from 2.79 per cent to 10.86 per cent, while manufacturing’s share of employment fell from 15.18 per cent to 10.52 per cent. They crossed in 2009. That decade runs Chrétien to Martin to Harper — Liberal, Liberal, Conservative — and neither line notices the handover in 2006.

Two lines moving in opposite directions at the same time is not proof that one moved the other. This record can date the crossing; it cannot settle what caused it.

The mechanism — the accession terms, the asset sales, the money that came back — is worked through in a separate set of files.

Read The Inquiry

• When the Absorber FillsReconstructing the monetary transition after China
• Built to Be SoldFour Canadian conversion platforms, and what each one fetched
• The Orchestrated HeistReconstructing the 1970–2024 wealth transfer

Nothing in here is for sale.

The ten cards are real. They are free, they open ready to post, and every figure on one comes from the record on this page. The packs are not real and the prices are a joke — the index under them is not.

Packs

Ten prime ministers since 1968, in the order they held the puck. Turner’s government lasted 79 days and it gets a pack anyway.

1. 11 pack (8 cards)$6.99
2. 33 packs$18.99
3. 10Complete set$49.99

The prices are a joke. The line under them is not.

Some prices go up faster than wages.

Between 1997 and 2025 the median hourly wage in Canada rose from $14.00 to $30.77, a shade over double. The whole basket rose less than that — everything, all in, went up 82 per cent while the median wage went up 120. But five things on the board beat it: insuring a home rose twice as fast as wages, and gasoline, utilities, counter food and transit all edged past. A new sweater is the other way entirely — it costs less in plain dollars now than it did in 1997.

• Statistics Canada. Labour force characteristics by industry, annual (Table 14-10-0023-01). Retrieved 2026-09-21.
  Labour Force Survey. Employment, Canada, both genders, 15 years and over. Total all industries (v2363382) and Manufacturing [31-33] (v2363391), persons in thousands.
• Statistics Canada. Union coverage by industry, annual (Table 14-10-0070-01). Retrieved 2026-09-21.
  Labour Force Survey. Employees, Canada, both genders, 15 years and over. Coverage rate computed as 'Union coverage' divided by 'Total employees, covered and not covered by union' for each industry aggregate.
• Statistics Canada. International investment position, Canadian direct investment abroad and foreign direct investment in Canada, by country, annual (Table 36-10-0008-01). Retrieved 2026-09-21.
  Total book value, all countries. Foreign direct investment in Canada (v7117859) and Canadian direct investment abroad (v7117682), millions of dollars.
• Library of Parliament. Prime Ministers of Canada — PARLINFO. Retrieved 2026-09-21.
  Dates are dates sworn in and dates left office, not election dates. A government's span is measured from swearing-in to the successor's swearing-in.
• Statistics Canada. Canadian international merchandise trade by country and by product section, customs-based, annual (Table 12-10-0171-01). Retrieved 2026-09-21.
  Customs-based, all product sections. Exports and imports for All countries, and exports to the United States and imports from China.
• Statistics Canada. Adult custody admissions to correctional services by Indigenous identity (Table 35-10-0016-01). Retrieved 2026-09-21.
  Provinces and territories, total custodial admissions, by fiscal year ending 31 March. The share is Indigenous admissions over admissions where identity was reported. Not every jurisdiction reports in every year, and the coverage changes; single-year steps in 2005/2006 and 2015/2016 follow changes in which jurisdictions reported rather than a change in the underlying population.
• House of Commons of Canada. Hansard sitting record and LEGISinfo, via openparliament.ca. Retrieved 2026-09-21.
  One Hansard record exists for each day the House of Commons sat; sitting days are a count of those records by calendar year. Government bills are Commons bills numbered below C-201, counted by the date they were introduced. The record runs to 18 June 2026, so 2026 is a partial year.
• Erik Voeten, Harvard Dataverse. United Nations General Assembly Voting Data — dyadic agreement scores (Table AgreementScores.csv). Retrieved 2026-09-22.
  Share of United Nations General Assembly votes in which Canada and one other state voted the same way, by session. Correlates of War country codes: Canada 20, United States 2, Russia 365 (the Soviet seat before 1992), Iran 630 (the imperial state before 1979). Built from the roll-call record; abstentions count as a distinct position.
• United Nations General Assembly. Security Council elections, 12 October 2010 (GA/11009) and 17 June 2020 (GA/12270). Retrieved 2026-09-22.
  Western European and Other States Group. In 2010 Germany took the first seat with 128 votes; Canada withdrew after the second round and Portugal was elected with 150. In 2020 Norway received 130 votes and Ireland 128, the two-thirds threshold; Canada received 108 and was eliminated in the first round.
• Statistics Canada. Consumer Price Index, annual average, not seasonally adjusted (Table 18-10-0005-01). Retrieved 2026-09-23.
  Canada, annual average, 2002 = 100. Each line is one basket component's index, so a figure of ten means that component costs ten times what it did in the base year. The components shown are those reported continuously since 1968.
• Statistics Canada. Employee wages by industry, annual (Table 14-10-0064-01). Retrieved 2026-09-23.
  Canada, all industries, both full- and part-time employees, 15 years and over. Average hourly wage rate (v2196615) and median hourly wage rate (v2196617), current dollars.
• Canadian War Museum. Siberian Expeditionary Force — Canada and the First World War. Retrieved 2026-09-24.
  Canada agreed to send about 4,000 troops to Siberia to assist British and other anti-Bolshevik forces. The force had returned to Canada by June 1919 and suffered 24 casualties. Cited for the deployment itself, not for any series: no figure from this page enters data/observations.json.
• Department of National Defence. Operation REASSURANCE. Retrieved 2026-09-24.
  NATO measures began 16 April 2014 and the CAF committed assets the following day. As retrieved: over 3,000 CAF members deployed through the year, approximately 2,000 of them in Latvia, with the mission extended through 2031 at the July 2026 NATO summit. A departmental page that updates; the figures here are as read on the retrieval date and are not a series.